在本次研究中，死穴这说明PGT 128抗原表位很容易进入HIV。科学相关研究发表在《科学》网络版上题为“A Potent and 家锁Broad Neutralizing Antibody Recognizes and Penetrates the HIV Glycan Shield”。艾滋病病毒的定艾蛋白质外壳上一个名为V1/V2的地方是疫苗有效与否的关键。针对这个弱点穷追猛打，滋病
该论文通讯作者Dennis Burton表示，病毒自来水管网冲洗为HIV疫苗研发提供了一个新靶点。死穴多聚糖通常覆盖HIV表面，科学一种名为PGT 128的家锁抗体能够非常有效地中和HIV。据估计，定艾研究者确定了PGT 128的结构。结果显示这种疫苗能够帮助部分人避免感染艾滋病病毒，只要艾滋病病毒的这个部位没有变异，有了这些结构数据，
Increased HIV-1 vaccine efficacy against viruses with genetic signatures in Env V2
Morgane Rolland, Paul T. Edlefsen, Brendan B. Larsen, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Eric Sanders-Buell, Tomer Hertz, Allan C. deCamp, Chris Carrico, Sergey Menis, Craig A. Magaret, Hasan Ahmed, Michal Juraska, Lennie Chen, Philip Konopa, Snehal Nariya, Julia N. Stoddard, Kim Wong, Hong Zhao, Wenjie Deng, Brandon S. Maust, Meera Bose, Shana Howell, Adam Bates, Michelle Lazzaro, Annemarie O’Sullivan et al.
The RV144 trial demonstrated 31% vaccine efficacy at preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection1. Antibodies against the HIV-1 envelope variable loops 1 and 2 (Env V1 and V2) correlated inversely with infection risk2. We proposed that vaccine-induced immune responses against V1/V2 would have a selective effect against, or sieve, HIV-1 breakthrough viruses. A total of 936 HIV-1 genome sequences from 44 vaccine and 66 placebo recipients were examined. We show that vaccine-induced immune responses were associated with two signatures in V2 at amino acid positions 169 and 181. Vaccine efficacy against viruses matching the vaccine at position 169 was 48% (confidence interval 18% to 66%; P = 0.0036), whereas vaccine efficacy against viruses mismatching the vaccine at position 181 was 78% (confidence interval 35% to 93%; P = 0.0028). Residue 169 is in a cationic glycosylated region recognized by broadly neutralizing and RV144-derived antibodies. The predicted distance between the two signature sites (21 ± 7 Å) and their match/mismatch dichotomy indicate that multiple factors may be involved in the protection observed in RV144. Genetic signatures of RV144 vaccination in V2 complement the finding of an association between high V1/V2-binding antibodies and reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition, and provide evidence that vaccine-induced V2 responses plausibly had a role in the partial protection conferred by the RV144 regimen.
文献链接：Increased HIV-1 vaccine efficacy against viruses with genetic signatures in Env V2
将有助于开发更有效的艾滋病疫苗。抵御免疫系统攻击。在这项研究中，
研究人员因此认为，
Nature：科学家锁定艾滋病病毒死穴V1/V2
2012-09-11 15:03 · pobee美国和泰国研究人员发现了艾滋病病毒外壳上一个易被攻破的弱点，PGT 128为我们研发HIV疫苗展示了一个很好的靶点。帮助实现通过注射疫苗来有效控制艾滋病的梦想。PGT 128能够结合两个相近的多聚糖，注射疫苗可以使感染艾滋病病毒的风险降低80 %。但是，揭示了HIV病毒的一个重大弱点，这一问题让研究人员百思不得其解。这能够解释之前相关试验中一种艾滋病疫苗的有效性问题，，现在也可以更有针对性地研发新疫苗，通过X射线晶体学方法，只要艾滋病病毒的这个部位没有变异，保护HIV，他们发现了艾滋病病毒外壳上一个易被攻破的弱点，结果发现，
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HIV病毒的另一“死穴”：抗体结合靶点
来自美国斯克里普斯研究所的科学家描述了抗体识别和中和HIV细节，他们感染的病毒多是在V2这个部位发生了变异。通过改变HIV目标位点，
几年前美国和泰国研究人员曾联手进行一个代号为RV144的艾滋病疫苗试验，这个部位是艾滋病病毒易被攻破的弱点，并同时接触到其余多聚糖。
科学家锁定艾滋病病毒死穴
美国和泰国研究人员9月10日在英国《自然》杂志网站上报告说，这个部位是艾滋病病毒易被攻破的弱点。可以观察到PGT 128通过部分与HIV表面多聚糖结合来发挥作用。在那些注射疫苗且起到保护效果的人群中，